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Rabaul is a township in East New Britain province, on the island of New Britain, in the country of Papua New Guinea. New Britain is an island about 60 kilometres to the east of the island of New Guinea. Rabaul was the provincial capital and most important settlement in the province until it was destroyed in 1994 by falling ash of a volcanic eruption. During the eruption, ash was sent thousands of metres into the air and the subsequent rain of ash caused 80% of the buildings in Rabaul to collapse. After the eruption the capital was moved to Kokopo, about away. Rabaul is continually threatened by volcanic activity due to having been built on the edge of Rabaul caldera, a flooded caldera of a large pyroclastic shield. Rabaul was known as Simpsonhafen during the German New Guinea administration which controlled the area between 1884 and formally till 1919. From 1910 Rabaul was the headquarters of German New Guinea until captured by the British Empire during World War I, when it became the capital of the Australian mandated Territory of New Guinea until 1937 when it was first destroyed by volcano. During World War II it was captured by the Japanese in 1942, and it became the main base of Japanese military and naval activity in the South Pacific. Settlements and military installations around the edge of the caldera are often collectively referred to as ''Rabaul'' despite the old town of Rabaul itself being reduced to practical insignificance by the volcanic eruption in 1994. As a tourist destination, Rabaul was popular for scuba diving and for snorkelling sites and a spectacular harbour. Before the 1994 eruption, Rabaul was a popular commercial and recreational boating destination in Papua New Guinea. There are still several diving operators based there, but tourism has yet to recover to its pre-eruption levels. ==History== Rabaul's proximity to its volcanoes has always been a source of concern. In 1878 before it was established as a town an eruption caused the formation of a volcano in the harbour. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Rabaul」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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